Common name group |
GENUS |
SPECIES |
VARIETY |
COMMON NAME |
Comments |
Acacia |
Acacia |
baileyana |
Purpurea |
Purpleleaf acacia |
Yellow blooms in Jan.-Feb. Common in Bay Area. Brittle wood, so tends to break apart in high winds. |
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longifolia |
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Sydney golden wattle |
Fast-growing, quick screen. Tolerates bad soil. Yellow flowers in late winter. Short-lived. |
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melanoxylon |
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Blackwood acacia |
Fast-growing, upright, evergreen. Recovered from hard freezes in 90 and 98, unlike most other Acacias. Suckers somewhat. |
Arbutus |
Arbutus |
unedo |
Compacta |
Strawberry tree |
Showy flowers and fruit, beautiful bark like madrone. Heat and drought tolerant. Grows 1 - 2 a year. Easily kept at 6 with one annual pruning. |
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X |
'Marina' |
Strawberry tree |
Showy flowers and fruit, beautiful bark like madrone. Heat and drought tolerant. Grows 2 - 3 a year. Availability limited. Arbutus andrachne, the Turkish madrone, grows nicely here and is similar, developing the same mahogany colored trunk. One wholesale grower (Suncrest) has it occasionally. |
Camphor |
Cinnamomum |
camphora |
|
Camphor tree |
Slow-growing but eventually huge. New growth is bronze-colored, older leaves are light yellow-green. Bark looks black in winter. Foliage is fragrant (camphor!). Heat-tolerant. Mature trees are hard to garden under. |
Carob |
Ceratonia |
siliqua |
|
Carob |
Pro: Very drought tolerant, with dark green shiny foliage and a very dense crown. Con: male trees smell awful and bloom for weeks, from late summer through fall; female trees produce copious amounts of pods. Somewhat surface-rooting. |
Cedar |
Calocedrus |
decurrens |
|
Incense cedar |
Also sold as Libocedrus. Western native. Grows 2 a year, eventually very large. Tolerant of heat, sun, shade, poor soil. Grows as narrow column for first 10 years or so, then slowly spreads. |
|
Cedrus |
atlantica |
'Glauca' |
Atlas cedar |
Bluish-green needles. Grows 2 - 3 a year with unusual angular growth habit. Striking skyline tree. Many nice specimens in Stonegate in West Davis. Deep-rooted and tolerant of heat, drought, wind. |
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deodara |
|
Deodar cedar |
Fast growing tree, up to 5 a year. Very upright when young, then spreading at the base. Soft, feathery texture with bright green needles. Eventually very large. Very tolerant of heat, drought, wind. |
|
Thuja |
plicata |
Emerald Cone |
Western red cedar |
New introduction with lustrous green foliage. Grows fairly slowly to 15 - 20. Likes regular watering. Good narrow screen. |
Citrus |
Citrus |
varieties |
|
Citrus |
Citrus trees are easy to grow in full sun. Lemons and limes can take light shade. Water deeply every 1 - 2 weeks, fertilize every month or so. Most are available on dwarfing rootstocks, so they can be kept as large shrubs or small trees. Highly recommended. |
Cypress |
Cupressocyparis |
leylandii |
|
Leylandi cypress |
Grows fast for 8 - 10 years, gets bacterial canker disease, then borers, and then dies. We dont recommend this plant. Castlewellan is a golden-foliaged variety that does the same thing. |
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Cupressus |
arizonica glabra |
|
Arizona cypress |
Too big, messy for small yards. Taylors Silver is a selected form with nice color, more compact habit when young. |
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sempervirens |
'Glauca' |
Italian cypress |
The classic Mediterranean formal column. Tolerant of heat, wind, poor soil, drought. Grows 3 a year. |
Guava |
Feijoa |
sellowiana |
|
Pineapple guava |
Plant named varieties for reliable fruit production. Edible flowers! Very drought tolerant. Fuzzy grey-green leaves make a nice contrast with red-leaved or shiny-leaved shrubs. Highly recommended. |
Gums (Eucalyptus) |
Eucalyptus |
camaldulensis |
|
Red gum |
Reliably cold-hardy. Medium-green leaves, mottled tan trunk. Huge, very widely planted species--way too big for most yards. |
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globulus |
'Compacta' |
dwarf Blue gum |
Reliably cold hardy. Huge tree. Young leaves silver; older leaves dark green. Very messy. Compacta is bushier when young. |
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gunnii |
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Cider gum |
Reliably cold-hardy. Green leaves, smooth green-and-tan bark. Tall and upright; not messy. |
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nicholi |
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Peppermint or Willow gum |
Reliably cold-hardy. Very clean. Narrow blue-green leaves smell like mint. Form like a willow. Good example at the corner of Adrian and Loyola in East Davis. |
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polyanthemos |
|
Silver dollar eucalyptus |
Grown for round, silver leaves used in flower arrangements. These are juvenile foliage; if it isnt pruned, it will become 60 tree, and leaves change shape. Doesnt like soggy soil. |
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saligna |
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Sydney Blue Gum |
Reliably cold-hardy. Medium green leaves. Relatively clean (bark sheds), very graceful. Fastest gum in the west. Availability limited. |
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sideroxylon |
Rosea |
Red Ironbark |
Reliably cold-hardy. Relatively clean. One of the best-mannered gums. Rough, red bark, slim blue-green leaves. Tolerant of heat, drought, wind. |
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viminalis |
|
Red gum |
Reliably cold-hardy. Huge, very widely planted species--way too big for most yards. Messy. |
Ironwood |
Lyonothamnus |
floribundus |
asplenifolius |
Catalina ironwood; |
Beautiful shiny divided green foliage, mahogany bark. Now considered frost-hardy here. Nice group in the UCD Arboretum. Slow to moderate, upright grower. |
Laurel |
Laurus |
nobilis |
|
Grecian Bay laurel |
The bay leaf used in cooking. Very versatile garden plant. Large shrub, eventually growing to 30+. Will grow in total shade, or in full sun. Drought tolerant. Very easy to keep in a pot for years. Highly recommended. |
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Umbellularia |
californica |
|
California bay |
Our native bay tree, grows slowly--1/year--though eventually can get huge. Strongly aromatic leaves. Very tolerant of heat, drought. Can grow in shade. Very limited availability. |
Laurels |
Laurus |
X |
'Saratoga' |
hybrid Bay laurel |
Selected form of bay that has wider leaves, larger flowers (almost showy), and is fruitless (male clone). Leaf smells more pungent than L. nobilis--more like our native bay (Umbellularia). Highly recommended. |
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Prunus spp. |
caroliniana, ilicifolia, lyonii |
|
Carolina cherry laurel, Hollyleaf cherry, Catalina cherry |
Used as large shrubs or moderate-sized trees. Shiny leaves, upright habit. Masses of small white flowers in spring. Cherry-sized fruit are edible but bland; birds like them. Fruit litter can be substantial. Very drought-tolerant. Limited availability. P. caroliniana can get anemic in Davis; leaf fungus also a problem. |
Myoporum |
Myoporum |
laetum |
|
Myoporum |
Common in coastal areas and occasionally planted here, but they froze in 1990 and 1998, and are often damaged in moderately cold winters. Availability limited. |
Oaks |
Quercus |
agrifolia |
|
Coast Live oak |
One of our native live oaks. Grows 2 - 3 per year, with dense, hollylike foliage and a round habit. Attractive dark gray bark. Drawbacks include heavy leaf drop in spring and heavy network of fine surface roots, which make them hard to garden under. Very drought tolerant. |
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chrysolepis |
|
Canyon Live oak |
One of our native live oaks. Grows 2 - 3 per year with shiny oval leaves and a round habit. Smooth, white bark. Drought tolerant. |
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dumosa |
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California scrub oak |
Grows 1 - 2 per year with a shrubby growth habit. Not really attractive enough for use except in a native landscape. |
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durata |
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Leather oak |
On the recommended list put out by Sac Municipal Utility District, but I havent seen it in Davis or Woodland. Id appreciate any feedback on this species. |
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ilex |
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Holly oak |
Grows 3 - 4 per year, with very attractive, rich green, holly-like leaves; round-headed tree. Heavy leaf drop in spring can be annoying. |
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suber |
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Cork oak |
Grows 3 - 4 per year, with equal spread. Small leaves are dark green, gray beneath. Corky bark is very attractive. Very drought tolerant and doesnt like lawn watering. Widely used on UC Davis campus, with good examples West of the Rec Hall. |
Olive |
Olea |
europea |
'Bonita' |
Olive |
Olives take heat, wind, drought, and have a unique structure. This variety has very tiny fruit. Common allergy plant. |
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'Wilsoni' |
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Olives take heat, wind, drought, and have a unique structure. This variety is nearly fruitless. Common allergy plant. |
Palm |
Trachycarpus |
fortunei |
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Windmill palm |
Small fan palm that grows 2 a year, straight up, to about 20. Very tolerant of sun, heat, drought, wind, poor soil. |
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Washingtonia |
spp. |
|
California and Mexican fan palms |
Grow 2 - 3 a year to 40+. The classic California palms. Very heat, sun, wind, and drought tolerant (grows faster with regular watering and feeding). |
Pines |
Pinus |
canariensis |
|
Canary Island pine |
Fast, upright grower with soft, drooping needles. New growth powdery blue. Tolerates drought, heat, wind, lawn watering. Damaged in 1990 (needles froze) but recovered. Narrow habit makes it one of the most useful pines. |
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contorta |
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Shore pine |
Doesnt like extreme heat; give afternoon shade here. Pyramidal shape when young, then spreading and asymmetric. This is the windswept-looking pine on No. California coast. Nice in Asian-style gardens. |
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densiflora |
'Tanyosho' |
Japanese red pine |
Doesnt like extreme heat; give afternoon shade here. Makes a unique, flat-topped tree. Bears cones early. Good for bonsai or as specimen plant in Asian-style gardens. |
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halepensis |
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Aleppo pine |
Fast-growing with soft needles, upright habit, brushy appearance. Tolerates heat, drought, wind. Unirrigated examples can be seen North of the Veterinary Hospital at U.C. Davis. Too big for most residential areas, but good windbreak for rural properties. Often very rootbound in containers, leading to circling roots. These trees often slowly fall over. |
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mugo |
mugo |
Mugho pine |
Pumilio is another reliably dwarf selection. Grows 3 - 6 per year, forming a little pine shrub. Can be thinned or shaped. To keep small, pinch out the central candles as they emerge in Feb. - March. Prefers regular but infrequent watering. |
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nigra |
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Austrian Black pine |
Grows 2 - 3 per year, with a strong pyramidal shape. Stiff, dark green needles. Tolerates heat, wind, drought; also good in lawns. Excellent for living Christmas tree. |
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pinea |
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Italian Stone pine |
Grows 3 - 4 per year, with unusual spreading habit. Eventually very broad, flat-topped. Tolerates heat, wind, drought. Way too big for most residential areas, and needs careful training to make sure limbs dont collapse. Good examples South of Vet Hospital at UC Davis. There is a bizarrely fortified specimen in Capitol Park. |
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roxburghi |
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Chir pine |
Beautiful tree, with some specimens in the UC Davis Arboretum, but not common in the trade. Long, drooping needles are bright light green. Tolerates heat, drought, wind; also good in lawns. Rare. We planted the specimen in front of Birch Lane Elementary School (near the office) in the mid-1980s. |
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sabiniana |
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Gray, Foothill, Digger pine |
Our native pine in the coast range and the lower foothills. Can grow 5 - 6 per year with an open, spreading habit. Very tolerant of heat, wind, drought. Not common in the nursery trade. |
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sylvestris |
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Scotch pine |
Grows 3 a year, with a perfect pyramidal shape for many years. Dense, short needles are dark blue-green. Very attractive garden plant. Tolerant of heat, wind, drought, but also good in lawns. Excellent living Christmas tree. |
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thunbergiana |
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Japanese black pine |
Grows 3 - 5 per year. Starts as a pyramid, with almost equal spread to height. Eventually rather broad. Easily shaped or trained for asymmetric look used in Asian-style gardens. Classic for bonsai. Very tolerant of heat, wind, drought, but also good in lawns. |
Redwoods |
Sequoia |
sempervirens |
'Aptos Blue' |
Coast redwood |
Coast redwoods grow fast and upright; 3x height to spread. Can be pruned. Never drought-tolerant; like lawn watering but eventually shade out the lawn. Blue-green, dense growth. |
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'Los Altos' |
Coast redwood |
Dark green, dense growth. Coast redwoods grow fast and upright; 3x height to spread. Can be pruned. Never drought-tolerant; like lawn watering but eventually shade out the lawn. |
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Santa Cruz |
Coast redwood |
Bright green, ferny foliage on this variety burns in dry winds; use other varieties. Coast redwoods grow fast and upright; 3x height to spread. Can be pruned. Never drought-tolerant; like lawn watering but eventually shade out the lawn. |
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Simpsons Silver |
Coast redwood |
Silver-blue foliage, somewhat open growth habit. Coast redwoods grow fast and upright; 3x height to spread. Can be pruned. Never drought-tolerant; like lawn watering but eventually shade out the lawn. |
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'Soquel' |
Coast redwood; 20-year-old group |
Medium green, dense growth. One of the best varieties. Coast redwoods grow fast and upright; 3x height to spread. Can be pruned. Never drought-tolerant; like lawn watering but eventually shade out the lawn. |
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'Woodside' |
Coast redwood |
Silver-green foliage. Coast redwoods grow fast and upright; 3x height to spread. Can be pruned. Never drought-tolerant; like lawn watering but eventually shade out the lawn. |
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Sequoiadendron |
giganteum |
|
Giant Sequoia |
Grows fairly slowly with very upright habit. A disease causes dieback on this side of the valley, and there is no control for it, so we dont recommend planting here. |
Spruce |
Picea |
abies |
several varieties |
Norway spruce |
Dont like heavy soil, hard water, extreme dry heat, so they arent recommended here. |
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|
glauca conica |
|
Dwarf Alberta spruce |
Grow very slowly: 3 a year. Give good drainage, plenty of water, some afternoon shade. Good living Christmas tree; excellent in container for many years. |
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pungens |
Glauca |
Blue spruce |
Give good drainage, plenty of water, some afternoon shade. Grow 1 a year to 20 - 30, with formal pyramidal growth habit. Silvery-blue needles. Good in lawn. |
Willow-like trees |
Geijera |
parvifolia |
|
Australian willow |
Very graceful small evergreen tree with a willow-like habit. Grows 3 - 4 a year. Deep-rooted. Damaged by freezing weather in 1990 and 1998. Note: Has not been available from any of our suppliers in 01 or 02. |
|
Maytenus |
boaria |
'Green Showers' |
Chilean mayten |
Clean shiny foliage, very graceful weeping habit, like a miniature weeping willow. Suckers and very slow growth are drawbacks. A fungus causes branch dieback on stressed trees. |
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Rhus |
lancea |
|
African sumac |
Pros: graceful habit if trained properly, attractive shiny leaves and mahogany-colored trunk. Heat, drought-tolerant, but also good in lawns. Cons: lots of leaf litter; suckers profusely. Needs thinning to take wind. Blooms in winter; may be allergenic. Do NOT plant anywhere near pools! |
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Schinus |
molle |
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California pepper |
Shiny fern-like green foliage is very pretty. Red berries useful in dried flower arrangements and wreaths. Incredibly drought-tolerant. Too messy for small yards.Tends to split in windy areas. Good in rural areas. |